Labor migration: features of legal regulation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35774/app2024.04.140Keywords:
labor migration, migrant worker, employment, labor relationsAbstract
The article is dedicated to the issues of legal regulation of labor migration. In writing the article, the author analyzed the provisions of international legal acts, national legislation, and scientific literature concerning the interpretation of the concept of «migrant worker» and the definition of their legal status. It is proposed to consider a migrant worker as an individual who has arrived in the host country for the purpose of employment and is engaged in labor activities in accordance with the laws of that country. Depending on the duration of the migrant worker's stay outside their home country, labor migration is divided into long-term, temporary, and seasonal migration.
It is determined that intergovernmental agreements play an important role in regulating labor relations for migrant workers, as they establish the conditions for employment and guarantees of workers' rights.
The article highlights problematic aspects of labor migration. It concludes that the increasing number of migrants presents new challenges for states, arising from the need to guarantee rights and provide protection for migrant workers, as well as to create conditions that would facilitate the return of migrant workers to their countries of citizenship. To avoid negative consequences of migration processes, it is necessary to improve the legal regulation of labor relations, taking into account modern realities and needs.
References
Stratehiya derzhavnoyi mihratsiynoyi polityky Ukrayiny na period do 2025 roku, skhvalena rozporyadzhennyam Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayiny vid 12.07.2017 r. № 482-р. [Strategy of the State Migration Policy of Ukraine for the period until 2025, approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated July 12, 2017]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/482-2017-%D1%80#Text [in Ukrainian]
Kravchenko, V. Vyznachennya ponyattya trudovoyi mihratsiyi [Definition of Labour Migration]. Retrieved from http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/63919/80-Kravchenko.pdf?sequence=1 [in Ukrainian]
Kapitan, V. O. (2012). Trudova mihratsiya yak aspekt problemy zaynyatosti v Ukrayini [Labour migration as an aspect of employment problems in Ukraine]. Efektyvnist derzhavnoho upravlinnya – Efficacy public administration, 32, 474-481 [in Ukrainian]
Romanenko, I. O. (2015). Statystychnyy analiz trudovoyi mihratsiyi [Statistical analysis of labor migration]. Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian]
Tryukhan, O. A. (2015). Pravo pratsivnykiv-mihrantiv na zaynyatistʹ: mizhnarodni standarty i zakonodavstvo Ukrayiny [The right of migrant workers on employment: international standards and legislation of Ukraine]. Chasopys tsyvilistyky – Journal of Civil Studies, 19, 178-183 [in Ukrainian]
Mizhnarodna konventsiya pro zakhyst prav usikh trudyashchykh-mihrantiv i chleniv yikh simey vid 18.12.1990 r. [International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, December, 18, 1990]. Retrieved from https://zakononline.com.ua/documents/show/156096___156096 [in Ukrainian]
Yevropeyska konventsiya pro pravovyy status trudyashchykh-mihrantiv vid 24.11.1977 r. [European Convention on the Legal Status of Migrant Workers, November, 24, 1977]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/994_307#Text [in Ukrainian]
Konventsiya MOP № 97 pro pratsivnykiv-mihrantiv vid 01.07.1949 r. [Migration for Employment Convention, July, 01, 1949]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/993_159#Text [in Ukrainian]
Konventsiya MOP № 143 pro zlovzhyvannya v haluzi mihratsiyi i pro zabezpechennya pratsivnykam-mihrantam rivnykh mozhlyvostey i rivnoho stavlennya vid 24.06.1975 [Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, June, 24, 1975]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/993_163#Text [in Ukrainian]
Pro zovnishnyu trudovu mihratsiyu: Zakon Ukrayiny vid 05.11.2015 r. № 761-VIII. [On external labor migration: Law of Ukraine, November, 05, 2015, № 761-VIII]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/761-19#Text [in Ukrainian]
Uhoda mizh Uryadom Ukrayiny ta Uryadom Latviyskoyi Respubliky pro trudovu diyalnist ta sotsialnyy zakhyst osib, yaki postiyno prozhyvayut v Ukrayini ta Latviyi i pratsyuyutʹ na terytoriyakh obokh derzhav vid 21.11.1995 r. [Agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the Government of the Republic of Latvia on labor activity and social protection of persons permanently residing in Ukraine and Latvia and working in the territories of both states, November, 21, 1995]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/428_016#Text [in Ukrainian]
Uhoda mizh Uryadom Ukrayiny ta Uryadom Respubliky Polʹshcha pro vzayemne pratsevlashtuvannya pratsivnykiv vid 16.02.1994 r. [Agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the Government of the Republic of Poland on mutual employment of workers, February 16, 1994]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/616_026#Text [in Ukrainian]
Uhoda mizh Kabinetom Ministriv Ukrayiny ta Uryadom Lytovsʹkoyi Respubliky pro pratsevlashtuvannya ta spivrobitnytstvo u sferi trudovoyi mihratsiyi vid 07.12.2018 r. [Agreement between the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Government of the Republic of Lithuania on employment and cooperation in the field of labor migration, December, 07, 2018]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/440_006-18#Text [in Ukrainian]
Pro zaynyatist naselennya: Zakon Ukrayiny vid 05.07.2012 r. № 5067-VI [On Employment of the Population: Law of Ukraine, July, 05, 2012 №. 5067-VI]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5067-17#n385 [in Ukrainian]
Rekomendatsiya MOP № 151 shchodo pratsivnykiv-mihrantiv vid 24.06.1975 r. [Migrant Workers Recommendation, June, 24, 1975]. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/993_264#Text [in Ukrainian]
Malynovska, O. A. (2018). Mihratsiyna polityka: hlobalnyy kontekst ta ukrayinski realiyi: monohrafiya [Migration Policy: Global Context and Ukrainian Realities]. Kyiv: NISD [in Ukrainian]
