Formation and development of the judicial system in the Second Commonwealth of Poland (1918–1939s)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35774/app2018.04.005Keywords:
judicial system, court, court proceedings, jurisdiction, Second Commonwealth of PolandAbstract
The article reveals the characteristic features of the formation and development of the judicial system in the Second Commonwealth of Poland (1918–1939s). It was shown that the formation and development of the judicial system of the Second Commonwealth of Poland occurred in two stages. The first stage (1918–1928s) was characterized by the functioning of various (Russian, Austrian and German) judicial systems, their adaptation to new socio-political conditions and the growth of deformations caused by violations of the democratic principles of the March constitution of 1921. The second stage (1928–1939s) – the creation of a unified system of general courts and their change in the direction of anti-democratic principles. The achievements of the judicial reform of 1928 were the creation of a unified system of general courts, although the organizational and structural principles of all parts of general courts were not clearly agreed upon, and their competence was not fully defined. The reform of the judicial system was characterized by a tendency to curtail the independence of the courts, which did not guarantee the realization of objective and fair justice.
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