Methodological aspects of forensic expertise
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35774/app2023.03.050Keywords:
forensic expertise, expert methodology, methods of forensic expertise, certification of expert methodology, research of evidenceAbstract
The article examines current problems of developing and using methods of forensic expertise. The main stages of formation are considered, the problems of attestation and the use of expert methods are identified. These proposals for improvement of certification and use of methods of forensic expertise. A characteristic feature of the forensic expertise methodology is the use of methods and techniques, which allows it to be considered as a program of activity of a forensic expert.
It is substantiated that the methods of practical activity of a forensic expert, which constitute a system of actions and operations for solving practical expert tasks, are based on relevant scientific methods, depend on the nature and properties of the subject of research and are based on the experience of solving specific tasks, including algorithmic rules and heuristics developed by the an expert.
It was determined that the same methods can be used in practical expert activity as in scientific research, if their use does not contradict the requirements of legality and ethical norms, that is, it corresponds to the principle of admissibility in general. Otherwise, the forensic expert is practically not limited in the choice of means and methods of research, if the general principles of working with evidence observed. Reasonable principles that must be followed when using methods of expert research. When choosing methods in the process of conducting expert research, the scientific principle should be taken into account. One of the requirements for the scientific suitability of the methods used in expert research is the scientific validity of the methods and the reliability of the results obtained with their help. For the method to be effective, it must, ensure the achievement of the set goal in the optimal time with the maximum possible productivity. Secondly, the method must be cost-effective, that is, the expended forces and resources must vary depending on the value of the results obtained.
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