PROCESS AUTOMATION IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN UKRAINE AND ENSURING LEGALITY OF AI-DRIVEN DECISION-MAKING
Ключові слова:
automated decision-making, AI-driven decision-making, process automation in public administration, respect for human rights, rationality of a decision, AI systems, personal data protection, human oversightАнотація
The article addresses the issue of ensuring legality in public administration when using AI systems. On the one hand, they showcase remarkable effectiveness in performing various tasks, and on the other hand, they also pose new risks. As automated decision-making processes become more prevalent in Ukraine, the urgency of discussing this issue increases. The author explains that automated decision-making is part of a broader category of automated processes, where decisions are made by an automated system or mean, rather than by a human selecting from available options. The forms of automated decision-making vary depending on the level of autonomy involved. The purpose of the article is to identify and describe the main challenges associated with ensuring legality in the AI-driven automated decision-making practices of public authorities in Ukraine. To achieve this purpose, the author utilizes several methods. Abstraction is used to determine the most essential features of the concept of automated decision-making. Generalization distinguishes the problems which are related to identified challenges. Finally, case method illustrates the examples of the implementation of AI systems in public administration. These examples form an important part of the article and involve address placement algorithm for educational sector from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, verification of compliance with employment quotas for persons with disabilities by the Fund for Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities, and the issuance of veterinary licenses based on the preliminary analysis of applications by an AI system (the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection). The results of the study indicate that key challenges to maintaining legality include ensuring that public authorities possess the appropriate powers, the rationality of the AI system, compliance with personal data protection rights, the ability to contest decisions, and the oversight of civil servants over automated processes.
Завантажити
Посилання
1. Zemko, A. M., Vavdiiuk, N. S., Lukianchuk, Yu. A. (2025). Shtuchnyi intelekt u publichnomu sektori: etychni pryntsypy, standarty bezpeky ta vidpovidalnist derzhavnykh sluzhbovtsiv [Artificial Intelligence in the Public Sector: Ethical Principles, Security Standards and Responsibility of Public Servants]. Aktualni problemy staloho rozvytku – Actual problems of sustainable development, 2(3), 151-156 [In Ukrainian]
2. Karpenko, Yu. V. (2019). Etychni pryntsypy zastosuvannia shtuchnoho intelektu v publichnomu upravlinni [Ethical Principles of Artificial Intellectual Application in Public Administration]. Visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii derzhavnoho upravlinnia pry Prezydentovi Ukrainy. Seriia : Derzhavne upravlinnia - Bulletin of the National Academy of Public Administration under the President of Ukraine. Series : Public Administration, 4 , 93-97 [In Ukrainian]
3. Nyniuk, I. I. (2024). Vyklyky pravovoho rehuliuvannia shtuchnoho intelektu v derzhavnomu upravlinni Ukrainy [Challenges of Legal Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration of Ukraine]. Natsionalni interesy Ukrainy – National Interests of Ukraine, 5(5), 523–533 [In Ukrainian]
4. Furashev, V.M., Korzh, I.F. (2025). Shtuchnyi intelekt ta administratyvna (kontrolna) diialnist publichnoi vlady: yevropeiskyi pohliad [Artificial Intelligence and Administrative (Control) Activities of Public Authorities: A European Perspective]. Informatsiia i pravo - Information and Law, 1(52), 51-61 [In Ukrainian]
5. Buhai, O.V. (2024). Instrumentarii shtuchnoho intelektu u protsesakh pryiniattia upravlinskykh rishen schodo terytorialnoho vidnovlennia ta rozvytku : dys. ... d-ra filos. : 281 «Publichne upravlinnia ta administruvannia» [Artificial intelligence tools in management decision-making processes for territorial restoration and development: dissertation ... PhD: 281 «Public Management and Administration»]. Kyiv, 2024. 249 s. [In Ukrainian]
6. Zakon Ukrainy «Pro zakhyst personalnykh danykh» vid 1 chervnia 2010 r. #2297-VI [Law of Ukraine “On the Protection of Personal Data” dated June 1, 2010, No. 2297-VI]. Ofitsiinyi portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy - Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Official Portal. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2297-17#Text (data zvernennia: 20.09.2025) [In Ukrainian]
7. Recommendation CM/Rec(2021)8 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on the protection of individuals with regard to automatic processing of personal data in the context of profiling. Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers. Retrieved from://rm.coe.int/0900001680a46147 [In English]
8. Alam T. The Four Levels of AI Decision-Making: From Assistance to Autonomy. ApplyData AI. Retrieved from: https://applydataai.com/artificial-intelligence/the-four-levels-of-ai-decision-making-from-assistance-to-autonomy/ [In English]
9. Guidelines on Automated individual decision-making and Profiling for the purposes of Regulation 2016/679. European Commission. Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/article29/items/612053 [In English]
10. Guiding Principles for Automated Decision-Making in the EU. European Law Institute. Retrieved from: https://www.europeanlawinstitute.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/p_ eli/Publications/ELI_Innovation_Paper_on_Guiding_Principles_for_ADM_in_the_EU.pdf [In English]
11. Ducato, R. (2021). Automated Decision Making. Glossary of Platform Law and Policy Terms / ed. by L. Belli, N. Zingales, Y. Curzi. FGV Direito Rio. Retrieved from: https://platformglossary.info/automated-decision-making/ [In English]
12. Jovanovic, Z., Andonovic, S. (2021). Automated decision making in administrative procedure: Myth or reality? Nauka bezbednost policija - Safety lessons police, 25(3), 59-69 [In English]
13. Ihor Bezkaravainyi predstavyv kontseptsiiu systemy priorytezatsii dlia humanitarnoho rozminuvannia [Ihor Bezkaravayny presented the concept of a prioritization system for humanitarian demining]. Ministerstvo ekonomiky, dovkillia ta silskoho hospodarstva Ukrainy - Ministry of Economy, Environment, and Agriculture of Ukraine. Retrieved from: https://me.gov.ua/News/Detail/5fe779bf-4c7c-4bcc-ab99-85fd692ec25c?lang=uk-UA&title=IgorBezkaravainiiPredstavivKontseptsiiuSistemiPrioritezatsiiDliaGumanitarnogoRozminuvannia [In Ukrainian]
14. Priorytezatsiia v humanitarnomu rozminuvanni: ukrainski rozrobnyky stvoryly platformu iz ponad 100 naboramy danykh [Prioritization in humanitarian demining: Ukrainian developers have created a platform with over 100 data sets]. Ministerstvo ekonomiky, dovkillia ta silskoho hospodarstva Ukrainy - Ministry of Economy, Environment and Agriculture of Ukraine. Retrieved from: https://me.gov.ua/News/Detail/1207658b-0ef1-4648-910a-e9eedc9e45b0?lang= uk-UA&title=PrioritezatsiiaVGumanitarnomuRozminuvanni-Ukrainski RozrobnikiStvoriliPlatformuIzPonad100-NaboramiDanikh [In Ukrainian]
15. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 31.01.2007 r. «Deiaki pytannia realizatsii norm Zakoniv Ukrainy “Pro osnovy sotsialnoi zakhyschenosti osib z invalidnistiu v Ukraini” ta “Pro zainiatist naselennia”» [Decree issued by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on January 31, 2007, regarding the implementation of both: The Law of Ukraine «On the Fundamentals of Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities in Ukraine» and the Law of Ukraine «On Employment of the Population»]. Ofitsiinyi portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy - Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Official Portal. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/70-2007-%D0%BF#Text [In Ukrainian]
16. Nakaz Ministerstva nauky i osvity Ukrainy vid 10.02.2025 «Pro zatverdzhennia Poriadku pryiomu na navchannia dlia zdobuttia vyschoi osvity v 2025 rotsi» [Order of the Ministry of Science and Education of Ukraine dated February 10, 2025, on the approval of the Procedure for admission to higher education for the year 2025]. Ofitsiinyi portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy - Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Official Portal. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0312-25#Text [In Ukrainian]
17. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 26.10.2011 r. «Pro zatverdzhennia Poriadku vedennia Derzhavnoho reiestru rechovykh prav na nerukhome maino» [Decree issued by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on October 26, 2011, on the approval of the Procedure for maintaining the State Register of property rights to real estate]. Ofitsiinyi portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy - Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Official Portal. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1141-2011-%D0%BF#Text [In Ukrainian]
18. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 23.06.2021 r. «Deiaki pytannia zabezpechennia funktsionuvannia Yedynoi derzhavnoi elektronnoi systemy u sferi budivnytstva» [Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated June 23, 2021, regarding certain issues related to the functioning of the Unified State Electronic System in the construction sector]. Ofitsiinyi portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy - Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Official Portal. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/681-2021-%D0%BF [In Ukrainian]
19. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 04.11.2015 r. «Pro zatverdzhennia Litsenziinykh umov provadzhennia hospodarskoi diialnosti z veterynarnoi praktyky» [Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated November 4, 2015, on the approval of the licensing conditions for conducting veterinary practice business activities]. Ofitsiinyi portal Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy - Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Official Portal. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/896-2015-%D0%BF#Text [In Ukrainian]
Завантаження
Опубліковано
Номер
Розділ
Ліцензія
Ця робота ліцензується відповідно до ліцензії Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
